<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<rss version="2.0">
<channel>
  <title>Expatriates Forums in Latvia</title>
  <link>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/index.php</link>
  <description>The Latvia Expats Online Community Resources &amp; Forums</description>
  <language>english</language>
  <copyright>(c) Copyright 2009 by Expatriates Forums in Latvia</copyright>
  <managingEditor>expatforum@alloexpat.com</managingEditor>
  <webMaster>expatforum@alloexpat.com</webMaster>
  <pubDate>Sun Nov 22, 2009 5:14 am</pubDate>
  <lastBuildDate>Sun Nov 22, 2009 5:14 am</lastBuildDate>
  <docs>http://backend.userland.com/rss</docs>
  <generator>phpBB2 RSS Syndication Mod by Lucas</generator>
  <ttl>1</ttl>

  <image>
    <title>Expatriates Forums in Latvia</title>
    <url></url>
    <link>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/</link>
    <description>The Latvia Expats Online Community Resources &amp; Forums</description>
  </image>

                                      <item>
                                        <title>UK Telly in LATVIA!</title>
                                        <link>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=1905#1905</link>
                                        <description>&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Author: &lt;a href='http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=71417'&gt;Suzi Williams&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Posted: Wed Nov 12, 2008 12:39 pm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      UK TELLY TOOLBAR- TRY NOW! All you need is a computer, internet connection and that’s it!&lt;br /&gt;
NOVEMBER 2008- &lt;br /&gt;
www(dot)uktelly(dot)tv&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The UK Telly Toolbar enables you to view UK television anywhere in the world via your PC. So if you’ve about to go on holiday or travel for business and you’re panicking about missing your favorite UK TV programs, worry no more! &lt;br /&gt;
Many of your favorite UK TV programs are already available either live or on demand via the internet but only if you are watching in the UK. Our revolutionary UK Telly Toolbar lets your computer appear to be in the UK even when you travel abroad…its amazing!&lt;br /&gt;
Eastenders in Ecuador?&lt;br /&gt;
Strictly Come Dancing in Sydney?&lt;br /&gt;
Hollyoaks in Hawaii??&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now its all possible with our UK Telly Toolbar!&lt;br /&gt;
UK Telly Toolbar supports BBC iPlayer, ITV video player, Channel 4 on Demand, Channel 5 Demand and Skyplayer*&lt;br /&gt;
Once you download our UK Telly Toolbar on your PC or laptop you will have immediate and unlimited access to movies, live sports events as well as many of your favorite UK TV programs.&lt;br /&gt;
So whether you’re on the move or simply have no access to the Astra 2 (28.2º) satellite footprint….UK Telly Toolbar is for you!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Access to all of your favorite UK TV channels will now be completely free and you can even subscribe to extra channels only before available if you are watching online in the UK such as Film Four and Sky Sports and Movies*&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All you need is a computer, internet connection and that’s it! No additional hardware, no receivers, no dishes…..you watch UK TV just as if you were in the comfort of your own home.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
SUBSCRIBING TO UK TELLY TOOLBAR COULDN’T BE EASIER!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We know you’re going to love our UK Telly Toolbar so we are delighted to offer you a 24hr FREE trial before subscribing to our service.    &lt;img src=&quot;images/smiles/icon_eek.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Shocked&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
We don’t ask for any payment details up front as we’re that confident you’ll be so pleased with our UK Telly Toolbar you’ll be back to subscribe soon after your FREE trial ends!&lt;br /&gt;
You can buy online using our secure sales system. Our online subscription process is quick, simple and safe. Try UKTelly Toolbar NOW!!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For more information or to add your comments visit our blog on uktellytoolbar(dot)blogspot(dot)com  or email us at uktellytv@googlemail(dot)com</description>
                                        <comments>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=1905#1905</comments>
                                        <author>Suzi Williams</author>
                                        <pubDate>Wed Nov 12, 2008 12:39 pm</pubDate>
                                        <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=1905#1905</guid>
                                      </item>
                                      <item>
                                        <title>How Women Can Look Good Inside of the Gym ?</title>
                                        <link>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=1767#1767</link>
                                        <description>&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Author: &lt;a href='http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=69080'&gt;jasmine007&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Posted: Mon Sep 15, 2008 6:55 pm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Hello friends&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The following tips are are for those gorgeous girls and mature women who spend their quality time in Gym to look the same outside of the Gym as well ?&lt;br /&gt;
Have Fun ....&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: brown&quot;&gt;1. Throw out your bodysuits and leg warmers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Avoid oversized shirts and shorts. While these items might feel comfortable they tend to make you look unkept and can be hazardous if they get caught in an exercise machine. If you want to look your absolute best, choose outfits that fit your body well and are in colors that flatter you.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: brown&quot;&gt;2. Choose clothing that is made for exercise&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The t-shirt and jeans that you wear are not be suitable for the gym. Workout clothes are designed to keep sweat and moisture away from the body. Cotton t-shirts, while breathable, can keep moisture close to the skin. Jeans similarly trap moisture next to the body and are also too restricting. Instead, shop for fitness wear that is made to be quick drying and moisture wicking. Look for items with polyester, spandex, and mesh ventilation panels.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: brown&quot;&gt;3. Wear a good sports bra&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An important part of looking good in the gym is wearing a good sports bra. Working out can include alot of jumping and running, activities that can cause breast jiggle and discomfort. If you are heavy breasted, look for sports bras with wide straps that provide good support. Make sure they are made of breathable fabrics to avoid chafing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: brown&quot;&gt;4. Wear footwear appropriate for your workout&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Look for shoes that are appropriate for your exercise routine. Exercise footwear is designed to be activity specific. If you are a runner, look for a good running shoe. If you are an aerobics fanatic, pick a sneaker that is made for aerobic workouts. Picking the right shoe for your activity will guarantee you get the support you need and help you avoid injury.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: brown&quot;&gt;5. Avoid wearing jewelry&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a general rule, your jewelry should not be a part of your workout ensemble. While you might want to keep your wedding band on, wearing too many rings can make it difficult to grab weights or handles on exercise machines. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Follow these simple tips and you will not only look  good inside and out of the gym, but you will enjoy a successful workout too.  &lt;/span&gt;</description>
                                        <comments>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=1767#1767</comments>
                                        <author>jasmine007</author>
                                        <pubDate>Mon Sep 15, 2008 6:55 pm</pubDate>
                                        <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=1767#1767</guid>
                                      </item>
                                      <item>
                                        <title>very short skirts in Latvia...good or bad ?</title>
                                        <link>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=1766#1766</link>
                                        <description>&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Author: &lt;a href='http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=69080'&gt;jasmine007&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Posted: Mon Sep 15, 2008 6:54 pm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Perhaps many women simply do not have shapely enough legs that can carry off the wearing of a very short skirt gracefully.&lt;br /&gt;
Legs have to be more than shapely they also have to be attractive. Nylon stockings make legs more attractive but this is evidently a personal choice .&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Not only are our legs not elegant or sexy enough to show off in a very short skirt but our posture isn't observed enough to NOT show off more than we intended. &lt;span style=&quot;color: brown&quot;&gt;How many times have your eyes been drawn to the sudden hiking of a skirt thigh high? More times than many men would like their wives or partners to know about anyway, I'll bet.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
The sudden hiking of a skirt thigh high can be improved upon if the woman is wearing pantyhose nylon stockings. At least these look a bit sexier than the sudden appearance of fish-belly white thighs. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;But from this woman's perspective, another of the disadvantages of wearing a very short skirt is &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;**********the breeze factor*******.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Don't laugh, but getting a sudden gust of cold wind up bare legs is cold and disconcerting, to be polite.&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&amp;lt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Very short Skirts leave a lot of bare leg open to the elements&lt;/span&gt; and this is very disadvantageous as far as most women are concerned.</description>
                                        <comments>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=1766#1766</comments>
                                        <author>jasmine007</author>
                                        <pubDate>Mon Sep 15, 2008 6:54 pm</pubDate>
                                        <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=1766#1766</guid>
                                      </item>
                                      <item>
                                        <title>latvia joined with two students</title>
                                        <link>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=563#563</link>
                                        <description>&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Author: &lt;a href='http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=24399'&gt;sveki21&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Posted: Wed Jun 06, 2007 11:48 am&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Turkish Olympics  &lt;br /&gt;
The Fifth International Turkish Olympics brought us children from countries whose names we barely even know and displayed the children’s success in using the Turkish language -- almost the only common thing in this nation -- in reading poetry and singing.&lt;br /&gt;
The fifth International Turkish Language Olympics ended with a splendid finale last Saturday in İstanbul. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Today there is an interest throughout the world in Turkish due to the efforts and performance displayed by Turkish schools around the globe. There is no doubt that the staff working in these high-quality schools have created a vision that couldn’t be created by the state’s means in Turkey alone. I know very well that public education institutions in Turkey, with all their equipment and accomplishments, cannot manage to educate the staff working in these schools. Unfortunately there is no way to teach children in public schools values such as love, motivation, sacrifice and altruism, which are necessary for this work that requires great sacrifice at every phase. It seems that these people think Turkey is a language worth learning by looking at the great sacrifice made by all these people who work in the schools abroad.&lt;br /&gt;
LATVIA JOINED WIT TWO STUDENTS FROM BALTIC EDUCATION Brivibas 95-3 , Riga , 7296157 ,</description>
                                        <comments>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=563#563</comments>
                                        <author>sveki21</author>
                                        <pubDate>Wed Jun 06, 2007 11:48 am</pubDate>
                                        <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=563#563</guid>
                                      </item>
                                      <item>
                                        <title>LATVIA COUNTRY PROFILE / LATVIA COUNTRY GUIDE</title>
                                        <link>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=478#478</link>
                                        <description>&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Author: &lt;a href='http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=21724'&gt;Latvia Info&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      Posted: Mon May 14, 2007 5:27 am&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
                                      &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18px; line-height: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;LATVIA COUNTRY PROFILE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Introduction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After a brief period of independence between the two World Wars, Latvia was annexed by the USSR in 1940. It reestablished its independence in 1991 following the breakup of the Soviet Union. Although the last Russian troops left in 1994, the status of the Russian minority (some 30% of the population) remains of concern to Moscow. Latvia joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Geography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Location:	&lt;br /&gt;
Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Estonia and Lithuania&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Geographic coordinates:	&lt;br /&gt;
57 00 N, 25 00 E&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Map references:	&lt;br /&gt;
Europe&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Area:	&lt;br /&gt;
total: 64,589 sq km&lt;br /&gt;
land: 63,589 sq km&lt;br /&gt;
water: 1,000 sq km&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Area - comparative:	&lt;br /&gt;
slightly larger than West Virginia&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Land boundaries:	&lt;br /&gt;
total: 1,150 km&lt;br /&gt;
border countries: Belarus 141 km, Estonia 339 km, Lithuania 453 km, Russia 217 km&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Coastline:	&lt;br /&gt;
531 km&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Maritime claims:	&lt;br /&gt;
territorial sea: 12 nm&lt;br /&gt;
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm&lt;br /&gt;
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Climate:	&lt;br /&gt;
maritime; wet, moderate winters&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Terrain:	&lt;br /&gt;
low plain&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Elevation extremes:	&lt;br /&gt;
lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m&lt;br /&gt;
highest point: Gaizinkalns 312 m&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Natural resources:	&lt;br /&gt;
peat, limestone, dolomite, amber, hydropower, wood, arable land&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Land use:	&lt;br /&gt;
arable land: 29.67%&lt;br /&gt;
permanent crops: 0.47%&lt;br /&gt;
other: 69.86% (2001)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Irrigated land:	&lt;br /&gt;
200 sq km&lt;br /&gt;
note: land in Latvia is often too wet, and in need of drainage, not irrigation; approximately 16,000 sq km or 85% of agricultural land has been improved by drainage (1998 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Natural hazards:	&lt;br /&gt;
NA&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Environment - current issues:	&lt;br /&gt;
Latvia's environment has benefited from a shift to service industries after the country regained independence; the main environmental priorities are improvement of drinking water quality and sewage system, household, and hazardous waste management, as well as reduction of air pollution; in 2001, Latvia closed the EU accession negotiation chapter on environment committing to full enforcement of EU environmental directives by 2010&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Environment - international agreements:	&lt;br /&gt;
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands&lt;br /&gt;
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Geography - note:	&lt;br /&gt;
most of the country is composed of fertile, low-lying plains, with some hills in the east&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;People&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Population:	&lt;br /&gt;
2,290,237 (July 2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Age structure:	&lt;br /&gt;
0-14 years: 14.4% (male 169,284/female 161,648)&lt;br /&gt;
15-64 years: 69.4% (male 770,839/female 819,309)&lt;br /&gt;
65 years and over: 16.1% (male 120,306/female 248,851) (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Median age:	&lt;br /&gt;
total: 39.12 years&lt;br /&gt;
male: 35.95 years&lt;br /&gt;
female: 42.15 years (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Population growth rate:	&lt;br /&gt;
-0.69% (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Birth rate:	&lt;br /&gt;
9.04 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Death rate:	&lt;br /&gt;
13.7 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Net migration rate:	&lt;br /&gt;
-2.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sex ratio:	&lt;br /&gt;
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female&lt;br /&gt;
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female&lt;br /&gt;
15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female&lt;br /&gt;
65 years and over: 0.48 male(s)/female&lt;br /&gt;
total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Infant mortality rate:	&lt;br /&gt;
total: 9.55 deaths/1,000 live births&lt;br /&gt;
male: 11.55 deaths/1,000 live births&lt;br /&gt;
female: 7.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Life expectancy at birth:	&lt;br /&gt;
total population: 71.05 years&lt;br /&gt;
male: 65.78 years&lt;br /&gt;
female: 76.6 years (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Total fertility rate:	&lt;br /&gt;
1.26 children born/woman (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:	&lt;br /&gt;
0.6% (2001 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:	&lt;br /&gt;
7,600 (2001 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
HIV/AIDS - deaths:	&lt;br /&gt;
less than 500 (2003 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nationality:	&lt;br /&gt;
noun: Latvian(s)&lt;br /&gt;
adjective: Latvian&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ethnic groups:	&lt;br /&gt;
Latvian 57.7%, Russian 29.6%, Belarusian 4.1%, Ukrainian 2.7%, Polish 2.5%, Lithuanian 1.4%, other 2% (2002)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Religions:	&lt;br /&gt;
Lutheran, Roman Catholic, Russian Orthodox&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Languages:	&lt;br /&gt;
Latvian (official) 58.2%, Russian 37.5%, Lithuanian and other 4.3% (2000 census)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Literacy:	&lt;br /&gt;
definition: age 15 and over can read and write&lt;br /&gt;
total population: 99.8%&lt;br /&gt;
male: 99.8%&lt;br /&gt;
female: 99.8% (2003 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Government&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Country name:	&lt;br /&gt;
conventional long form: Republic of Latvia&lt;br /&gt;
conventional short form: Latvia&lt;br /&gt;
local long form: Latvijas Republika&lt;br /&gt;
local short form: Latvija&lt;br /&gt;
former: Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Government type:	&lt;br /&gt;
parliamentary democracy&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Capital:	&lt;br /&gt;
Riga&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Administrative divisions:	&lt;br /&gt;
26 counties (singular - rajons) and 7 municipalities*: Aizkraukles Rajons, Aluksnes Rajons, Balvu Rajons, Bauskas Rajons, Cesu Rajons, Daugavpils*, Daugavpils Rajons, Dobeles Rajons, Gulbenes Rajons, Jekabpils Rajons, Jelgava*, Jelgavas Rajons, Jurmala*, Kraslavas Rajons, Kuldigas Rajons, Liepaja*, Liepajas Rajons, Limbazu Rajons, Ludzas Rajons, Madonas Rajons, Ogres Rajons, Preilu Rajons, Rezekne*, Rezeknes Rajons, Riga*, Rigas Rajons, Saldus Rajons, Talsu Rajons, Tukuma Rajons, Valkas Rajons, Valmieras Rajons, Ventspils*, Ventspils Rajons&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Independence:	&lt;br /&gt;
21 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
National holiday:	&lt;br /&gt;
Independence Day, 18 November (1918); note - 18 November 1918 is the date Latvia declared itself independent from Soviet Russia; 4 May 1990 is when it declared the renewal of independence; 21 August 1991 is the date of de facto independence from the Soviet Union&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Constitution:	&lt;br /&gt;
15 February 1922; an October 1998 amendment on Fundamental Human Rights replaced the 1991 Constitutional Law, which had supplemented the constitution&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Legal system:	&lt;br /&gt;
based on civil law system&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Suffrage:	&lt;br /&gt;
18 years of age; universal for Latvian citizens&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Executive branch:	&lt;br /&gt;
chief of state: President Vaira VIKE-FREIBERGA (since 8 July 1999)&lt;br /&gt;
head of government: Prime Minister Aigars KALVITIS (since 2 December 2004)&lt;br /&gt;
cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and appointed by the Parliament&lt;br /&gt;
elections: president reelected by Parliament for a four-year term; election last held 20 June 2003 (next to be held by June 2007); prime minister appointed by the president&lt;br /&gt;
election results: Vaira VIKE-FREIBERGA reelected president; parliamentary vote - Vaira VIKE-FREIBERGA 88 of 94 votes cast&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Legislative branch:	&lt;br /&gt;
unicameral Parliament or Saeima (100 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms)&lt;br /&gt;
elections: last held 5 October 2002 (next to be held NA October 2006)&lt;br /&gt;
election results: percent of vote by party - JL 23.9%, PCTVL 18.9%, TP 16.7%, ZZS 9.5%, First Party 7.6%, LNNK 5.4%; seats by party - JL 26, PCTVL 24, TP 21, ZZS 12, First Party 10, LNNK 7&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Judicial branch:	&lt;br /&gt;
Supreme Court (judges' appointments are confirmed by Parliament)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Political parties and leaders:	&lt;br /&gt;
Alliance of the Greens and Farmers Union or ZZS [Augusts BRIGMANIS (Farmer's Union), Indulis EMSIS (Green Party)]; First Party of Latvia [Ainars SLESERS]; For Human Rights in a United Latvia or PCTVL [Jakovs PLINERS]; For Our Latvia or ML [Rihards Jablokovs]; Latvian National Democratic Party or LNDP [Jevgenijs Osiopovs]; Latvian National Front [Aivars GARDA]; Latvian Social-Democratic Workers Party (Social Democrats) or LSDSP [Alfred RUBIKS]; Latvia's Way Union or LC [Andris BERZINS]; Light of Latgale or LG; New Era Party or JL [Einars REPSE]; New Politics Party or JP [Sergejs DOLGOPOLOVS]; People's Harmony Party or TSP [Janis JURKANS]; People's Party or TP [Atis SLAKTERIS]; Social Democratic Union or SDS [Egils BALDZENS]; Union for the Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK or TB/LNNK [Janis STRAUME]; United Social Democratic Welfare Party or SLP [Juris ZURAVLOVS]; United Republican Party of Latvia or LARP&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Political pressure groups and leaders:	&lt;br /&gt;
Headquarters for the Protection of Russian Schools (SHTAB) [Aleksandr KAZAKOV]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
International organisation participation:	&lt;br /&gt;
Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EU (new member), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NATO, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCO, WEU (member affiliate), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Diplomatic representation in the US:	&lt;br /&gt;
chief of mission: Ambassador Maris RIEKSTINS&lt;br /&gt;
chancery: 4325 17th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011&lt;br /&gt;
telephone: [1] (202) 726-8213, 8214&lt;br /&gt;
FAX: [1] (202) 726-6785&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Diplomatic representation from the US:	&lt;br /&gt;
chief of mission: Ambassador Catherine TODD-BAILEY&lt;br /&gt;
embassy: 7 Raina Boulevard, Riga LV-1510&lt;br /&gt;
mailing address: American Embassy Riga, PSC 78, Box Riga, APO AE 09723&lt;br /&gt;
telephone: [371] 703-6200&lt;br /&gt;
FAX: [371] 782-0047&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Flag description:	&lt;br /&gt;
three horizontal bands of maroon (top), white (half-width) and maroon&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Economy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Overview:	&lt;br /&gt;
Latvia's transitional economy recovered from the 1998 Russian financial crisis, largely due to the government's budget stringency and a gradual reorientation of exports toward EU countries, lessening Latvia's trade dependency on Russia. The majority of companies, banks, and real estate have been privatised, although the state still holds sizable stakes in a few large enterprises. Latvia officially joined the World Trade Organisation in February 1999. EU membership, a top foreign policy goal, came in May 2004. The current account and internal government deficits remain major concerns, but the government's efforts to increase efficiency in revenue collection may lessen the budget deficit. A growing perception that many of Latvia's banks facilitate illicit activity could damage the country's vibrant financial sector.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
GDP:	&lt;br /&gt;
purchasing power parity - $26.53 billion (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
GDP - real growth rate:	&lt;br /&gt;
7.6% (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
GDP - per capita:	&lt;br /&gt;
purchasing power parity - $11,500 (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
GDP - composition by sector:	&lt;br /&gt;
agriculture: 4.4%&lt;br /&gt;
industry: 24.8%&lt;br /&gt;
services: 70.8% (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Labour force:	&lt;br /&gt;
1.17 million (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Labour force - by occupation:	&lt;br /&gt;
agriculture 15%, industry 25%, services 60% (2000 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Unemployment rate:	&lt;br /&gt;
8.8% (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Population below poverty line:&lt;br /&gt;
NA&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Household income or consumption by percentage share:	&lt;br /&gt;
lowest 10%: 2.9%&lt;br /&gt;
highest 10%: 25.9% (1998)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Distribution of family income - Gini index:	&lt;br /&gt;
32 (1999)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Inflation rate (consumer prices):	&lt;br /&gt;
6% (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Investment (gross fixed):	&lt;br /&gt;
26.1% of GDP (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Budget:	&lt;br /&gt;
revenues: $4.231 billion&lt;br /&gt;
expenditures: $4.504 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Public debt:	&lt;br /&gt;
11.8% of GDP (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Agriculture - products:	&lt;br /&gt;
grain, sugar beets, potatoes, vegetables; beef, pork, milk, eggs; fish&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Industries:	&lt;br /&gt;
buses, vans, street and railroad cars, synthetic fibers, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, washing machines, radios, electronics, pharmaceuticals, processed foods, textiles; note - dependent on imports for energy and raw materials&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Industrial production growth rate:	&lt;br /&gt;
8.5% (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electricity - production:	&lt;br /&gt;
4.547 billion kWh (2002)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electricity - consumption:	&lt;br /&gt;
5.829 billion kWh (2002)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electricity - exports:	&lt;br /&gt;
1.1 billion kWh (2002)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electricity - imports:	&lt;br /&gt;
2.7 billion kWh (2002)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil - production:	&lt;br /&gt;
0 bbl/day (2001 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil - consumption:	&lt;br /&gt;
44,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil - exports:	&lt;br /&gt;
NA&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oil - imports:	&lt;br /&gt;
NA&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Natural gas - production:	&lt;br /&gt;
0 cu m (2001 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Natural gas - consumption:	&lt;br /&gt;
1.7 billion cu m (2001 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Natural gas - exports:	&lt;br /&gt;
0 cu m (2001 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Natural gas - imports:	&lt;br /&gt;
1.7 billion cu m (2001 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Current account balance:	&lt;br /&gt;
$-1.251 billion (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Exports:	&lt;br /&gt;
$3.569 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Exports - commodities:	&lt;br /&gt;
wood and wood products, machinery and equipment, metals, textiles, foodstuffs&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Exports - partners:	&lt;br /&gt;
UK 22.1%, Germany 9.9%, US 8.2%, Sweden 7.3%, France 6.6%, Lithuania 6.4%, Estonia 5.2%, Denmark 4.2%, Russia 4.1% (2004)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Imports:	&lt;br /&gt;
$5.97 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Imports - commodities:	&lt;br /&gt;
machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, vehicles&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Imports - partners:	&lt;br /&gt;
Germany 16.1%, Russia 14.4%, Lithuania 7.6%, Finland 6.5%, Sweden 5.6%, Estonia 5.1%, Italy 4.2%, Poland 4% (2004)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:	&lt;br /&gt;
$1.65 billion (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Debt - external:	&lt;br /&gt;
$7.368 billion (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Economic aid - recipient:	&lt;br /&gt;
$96.2 million (1995)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Currency (code):	&lt;br /&gt;
Latvian lat (LVL)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Exchange rates:	&lt;br /&gt;
lati per US dollar - 0.5402 (2004), 0.5715 (2003), 0.6182 (2002), 0.6279 (2001), 0.6065 (2000)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fiscal year:	&lt;br /&gt;
calendar year&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Communications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Telephones - main lines in use:	&lt;br /&gt;
653,900 (2003)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Telephones - mobile cellular:	&lt;br /&gt;
1,219,600 (2003)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Telephone system:	&lt;br /&gt;
general assessment: inadequate, but is being modernised to provide an international capability independent of the Moscow international switch; more facilities are being installed for individual use&lt;br /&gt;
domestic: expansion underway in intercity trunk line connections, rural exchanges, and mobile systems; still many unsatisfied subscriber applications&lt;br /&gt;
international: country code - 371; international connections are now available via cable and a satellite earth station at Riga, enabling direct connections for most calls (1998)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Radio broadcast stations:	&lt;br /&gt;
AM 8, FM 56, shortwave 1 (1998)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Television broadcast stations:	&lt;br /&gt;
44 (plus 31 repeaters) (1995)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Internet country code:	&lt;br /&gt;
.lv&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Internet hosts:&lt;br /&gt;
51,758 (2004)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Internet users:	&lt;br /&gt;
936,000 (2003)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Transportation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Railways:	&lt;br /&gt;
total: 2,303 km&lt;br /&gt;
broad gauge: 2,270 km 1.520-m gauge (257 km electrified)&lt;br /&gt;
narrow gauge: 33 km 0.750-m gauge (2004)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Highways:	&lt;br /&gt;
total: 60,472 km&lt;br /&gt;
paved: 57,206 km&lt;br /&gt;
unpaved: 3,265 km (2002)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Waterways:	&lt;br /&gt;
300 km (2004)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pipelines:	&lt;br /&gt;
gas 1,097 km; oil 409 km; refined products 415 km (2004)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ports and harbours:	&lt;br /&gt;
Riga, Ventspils&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Merchant marine:	&lt;br /&gt;
total: 19 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 53,153 GRT/37,414 DWT&lt;br /&gt;
by type: cargo 7, chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas 2, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 5, roll on/roll off 1&lt;br /&gt;
registered in other countries: 86 (2005)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Airports:	&lt;br /&gt;
50 (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Airports - with paved runways:	&lt;br /&gt;
total: 26&lt;br /&gt;
2,438 to 3,047 m: 7&lt;br /&gt;
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2&lt;br /&gt;
914 to 1,523 m: 1&lt;br /&gt;
under 914 m: 16 (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Airports - with unpaved runways:	&lt;br /&gt;
total: 24&lt;br /&gt;
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1&lt;br /&gt;
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2&lt;br /&gt;
914 to 1,523 m: 1&lt;br /&gt;
under 914 m: 20 (2004 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Military&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Military branches:	&lt;br /&gt;
Ground Forces, Navy, Air Force, Border Guard, Home Guard (Zemessardze)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Military manpower - military age and obligation:	&lt;br /&gt;
19 years of age for compulsory military service, conscript service obligation - 12 months; 18 years of age for volunteers; Latvia plans to phase out conscription, tentatively moving to an all-professional force by 2007 (August 2004)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Military manpower - availability:	&lt;br /&gt;
males age 19-49: 517,713 (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Military manpower - fit for military service:	&lt;br /&gt;
males age 19-49: 361,098 (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:	&lt;br /&gt;
males: 19,137 (2005 est.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Military expenditures - dollar figure:	&lt;br /&gt;
$87 million (FY01)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:	&lt;br /&gt;
1.2% (FY01)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Transnational Issues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Disputes - international:	&lt;br /&gt;
the Latvian-Russian boundary treaty of 1997 remains unsigned and unratified with Russia linking it to better Latvian treatment of ethnic Russians and Latvian politicians demanding Russian agreement to a declaration that admits Soviet aggression during the Second World War and other issues; the Latvian parliament has not ratified its 1998 maritime boundary treaty with Lithuania, primarily due to concerns over oil exploration rights; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Latvia must implement the strict Schengen border rules&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Illicit drugs:	&lt;br /&gt;
transshipment point for opiates and cannabis from Central and Southwest Asia to Western Europe and Scandinavia and Latin American cocaine and some synthetics from Western Europe to CIS; vulnerable to money laundering despite improved legislation due to nascent enforcement capabilities and comparatively weak regulation of offshore companies and the gaming industry; organised crime (including counterfeiting, corruption, extortion, stolen cars and prostitution) accounts for most laundered proceeds</description>
                                        <comments>http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=478#478</comments>
                                        <author>Latvia Info</author>
                                        <pubDate>Mon May 14, 2007 5:27 am</pubDate>
                                        <guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.alloexpat.com/latvia_expat_forum/viewtopic.php?p=478#478</guid>
                                      </item></channel></rss>